", "for their work for a better organized and more peaceful world. Four years earlier, he had received the Peace Prize for his nonviolent campaign against racism. ", The first woman to receive a Nobel Peace Prize was. The Norwegian Nobel Committee awards the Nobel Peace Prize annually "to the person who shall have done the most or the best work for fraternity between nations, for the abolition or reduction of standing armies and for the holding and promotion of peace congresses". Roosevelt said: It would be a master stroke if those great powers honestly bent on peace would form a league of peace, not only to keep the peace among themselves, but to prevent, by force if necessary, its being broken by others.. Biography and associated logos are trademarks of A+E Networksprotected in the US and other countries around the globe. Criticisms that have been leveled against some of the awards include allegations that they were politically motivated, premature, or guided by a faulty definition of what constitutes work for peace. Event December 10, 1964 On the morning of 14 October 1964, Martin Luther King, sleeping in an Atlanta hospital room after checking in for a rest, was awakened by a phone call from his wife, Coretta Scott King, telling him that he had been awarded the Nobel Prize for Peace. ", "for the efforts to take care of wounded soldiers and prisoners of war and their families. Together they demonstrate the significance of civil society for peace and democracy. When King decided to speak out against the Vietnam War in April 1967, he reflected on this promise, calling the prize a commission, that required him to go beyond national allegiances to speak out for peace (King, Beyond Vietnam, 145). For more than a century, these academic institutions have worked independently to select Nobel Prize laureates. ", "for having given a well-founded hope - the, "for paving the way for a meaningful dialogue between East and West. The Nobel laureate receives a diploma, a medal, and a document confirming the prize amount. Who Is Walt Nauta, the Man Indicted with Trump? 10 Jul 2023. This shortlist is then considered by permanent advisers to the Nobel institute, which consists of the institute's Director and the Research Director and a small number of Norwegian academics with expertise in subject areas relating to the prize. or 404 526-8968. King, Acceptance Address for the Nobel Peace Prize, 10 December 1964, in A Call to Conscience, ed. Influenced by Mohandas Gandhi, he advocated nonviolent civil disobedience to racial segregation. The Norwegian Parliament appoints the Norwegian Nobel Committee, which selects the Nobel Peace Prize laureate. Nobel Prize Outreach AB 2023. Oppenheimer and Truman Met Once. What is the Nobel Peace Prize? (with pictures) - WiseGEEK 2022 Nobel Peace Prize - Wikipedia This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/topic/Winners-of-the-Nobel-Prize-for-Peace-1856940, Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 1st Viscount Cecil, John Boyd Orr, Baron Boyd-Orr of Brechin Mearns, Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons, International Campaign to Abolish Nuclear Weapons. ", "for their struggle against the suppression of children and young people and for the right of all children to education. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. Nobel Prize Outreach AB 2023. Martin Luther King, Jr. | Biography, Speeches, Facts, & Assassination [98] L c Th is the only person who refused to accept the Nobel Peace Prize. On the morning of 14 October 1964, Martin Luther King, sleeping in an Atlanta hospital room after checking in for a rest, was awakened by a phone call from his wife, Coretta Scott King, telling him that he had been awarded the Nobel Prize for Peace. Martin Luther King, Jr.'s Nobel Prize Years: 1964 Description: In 1964 Martin Luther King, Jr. was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for his dynamic leadership of the Civil Rights movement and steadfast commitment to achieving racial justice through nonviolent action. Martin Luther King, Jr., was born in Atlanta in 1929, the son of a Baptist minister. Why did Martin Luther King won the Nobel Prize in 1964? READ MORE:Martin Luther King Jr.: His Life and Legacy. The larger-than-life 26th president of the United States became the first statesman to win the Nobel Peace Prize in 1906, in recognition of his efforts to broker a peaceful end to the Russo-Japanese War. United Nations Childrens Fund (UNICEF) for its effort to enhance solidarity between nations and reduce the difference between rich and poor states, Martin Luther King Jr. for his non-violent struggle for civil rights for the Afro-American population, Comit international de la Croix Rouge (International Committee of the Red Cross) and Ligue des Socits de la Croix-Rouge (League of Red Cross Societies) for promoting the principles of the Geneva Convention and cooperation with the UN, Linus Carl Pauling for his fight against the nuclear arms race between East and West, Dag Hammarskjld for developing the UN into an effective and constructive international organization, capable of giving life to the principles and aims expressed in the UN Charter, Albert John Lutuli for his non-violent struggle against apartheid, Philip J. Noel-Baker for his longstanding contribution to the cause of disarmament and peace, Georges Pire for his efforts to help refugees to leave their camps and return to a life of freedom and dignity, Lester Bowles Pearson for his crucial contribution to the deployment of a United Nations Emergency Force in the wake of the Suez Crisis, Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) for its efforts to heal the wounds of war by providing help and protection to refugees all over the world, George Catlett Marshall for proposing and supervising the plan for the economic recovery of Europe, Albert Schweitzer for his altruism, reverence for life, and tireless humanitarian work which has helped making the idea of brotherhood between men and nations a living one, Lon Jouhaux for having devoted his life to the fight against war through the promotion of social justice and brotherhood among men and nations, Ralph Bunche for his work as mediator in Palestine in 1948-1949, Lord (John) Boyd Orr of Brechin for his lifelong effort to conquer hunger and want, thereby helping to remove a major cause of military conflict and war, Friends Service Council (The Quakers) and American Friends Service Committee (The Quakers) for their pioneering work in the international peace movement and compassionate effort to relieve human suffering, thereby promoting the fraternity between nations, Emily Greene Balch for her lifelong work for the cause of peace and John Raleigh Mott for his contribution to the creation of a peace-promoting religious brotherhood across national boundaries, Cordell Hull for his indefatigable work for international understanding and his pivotal role in establishing the United Nations, Comit international de la Croix Rouge (International Committee of the Red Cross) for the great work it has performed during the war on behalf of humanity, Office international Nansen pour les Rfugis (Nansen International Office for Refugees) for having carried on the work of Fridtjof Nansen to the benefit of refugees across Europe, Cecil of Chelwood, Viscount (Lord Edgar Algernon Robert Gascoyne Cecil) for his tireless effort in support of the League of Nations, disarmament and peace, Carlos Saavedra Lamas for his role as father of the Argentine Antiwar Pact of 1933, which he also used as a means to mediate peace between Paraguay and Bolivia in 1935, Carl von Ossietzky for his burning love for freedom of thought and expression and his valuable contribution to the cause of peace, Arthur Henderson for his untiring struggle and his courageous efforts as Chairman of the League of Nations Disarmament Conference 1931-34, Sir Norman Angell (Ralph Lane) for having exposed by his pen the illusion of war and presented a convincing plea for international cooperation and peace, Jane Addams and Nicholas Murray Butler for their assiduous effort to revive the ideal of peace and to rekindle the spirit of peace in their own nation and in the whole of mankind, Lars Olof Jonathan (Nathan) Sderblom for promoting Christian unity and helping create that new attitude of mind which is necessary if peace between nations is to become reality', Frank Billings Kellogg for his crucial role in bringing about the Briand-Kellogg Pact, Ferdinand Buisson and Ludwig Quidde for their contribution to the emergence in France and Germany of a public opinion which favours peaceful international cooperation, Aristide Briand and Gustav Stresemann for their crucial role in bringing about the Locarno Treaty, Sir Austen Chamberlain for his crucial role in bringing about the Locarno Treaty and Charles Gates Dawes for his crucial role in bringing about the Dawes Plan, Fridtjof Nansen for his leading role in the repatriation of prisoners of war, in international relief work and as the League of Nations High Commissioner for refugees, Karl Hjalmar Branting and Christian Lous Lange for their lifelong contributions to the cause of peace and organized internationalism, Lon Victor Auguste Bourgeois for his longstanding contribution to the cause of peace and justice and his prominent role in the establishment of the League of Nations, Thomas Woodrow Wilson for his role as founder of the League of Nations, Comit international de la Croix Rouge (International Committee of the Red Cross) for the efforts to take care of wounded soldiers and prisoners of war and their families, Henri La Fontaine for his unparalleled contribution to the organization of peaceful internationalism, Elihu Root for bringing about better understanding between the countries of North and South America and initiating important arbitration agreements between the United States and other countries, Tobias Michael Carel Asser for his role as co-founder of the Institut de droit international, initiator of the Conferences on International Private Law (Confrences de Droit international priv) at the Hague, and pioneer in the field of international legal relations and Alfred Hermann Fried for his effort to expose and fight what he considers to be the main cause of war, namely, the anarchy in international relations, Bureau international permanent de la Paix (Permanent International Peace Bureau) for acting as a link between the peace societies of the various countries, and helping them to organize the world rallies of the international peace movement, Auguste Marie Franois Beernaert and Paul Henri Benjamin Balluet dEstournelles de Constant, Baron de Constant de Rebecque for their prominent position in the international movement for peace and arbitration, Klas Pontus Arnoldson and Fredrik Bajer for their long time work for the cause of peace as politicians, peace society leaders, orators and authors, Ernesto Teodoro Moneta for his work in the press and in peace meetings, both public and private, for an understanding between France and Italy and Louis Renault for his decisive influence upon the conduct and outcome of the Hague and Geneva Conferences, Theodore Roosevelt for his role in bringing to an end the bloody war recently waged between two of the worlds great powers, Japan and Russia, Baroness Bertha Sophie Felicita von Suttner, ne Countess Kinsky von Chinic und Tettau for her audacity to oppose the horrors of war, Institut de droit international (Institute of International Law) for its striving in public law to develop peaceful ties between nations and to make the laws of war more humane, William Randal Cremer for his longstanding and devoted effort in favour of the ideas of peace and arbitration, lie Ducommun for his untiring and skilful directorship of the Bern Peace Bureau and Charles Albert Gobat for his eminently practical administration of the Inter-Parliamentary Union, Jean Henry Dunant for his humanitarian efforts to help wounded soldiers and create international understanding and Frdric Passy for his lifelong work for international peace conferences, diplomacy and arbitration, To cite this section Maria Ressa and Dmitry Andreyevich Muratov for their efforts to safeguard freedom of expression, which is a precondition for democracy and lasting peace, World Food Programme (WFP) for its efforts to combat hunger, for its contribution to bettering conditions for peace in conflict-affected areas and for acting as a driving force in efforts to prevent the use of hunger as a weapon of war and conflict, Abiy Ahmed Alifor his efforts to achieve peace and international cooperation, and in particular for his decisive initiative to resolve the border conflict with neighbouring Eritrea, Denis Mukwege and Nadia Murad for their efforts to end the use of sexual violence as a weapon of war and armed conflict, International Campaign to Abolish Nuclear Weapons (ICAN) for its work to draw attention to the catastrophic humanitarian consequences of any use of nuclear weapons and for its ground-breaking efforts to achieve a treaty-based prohibition of such weapons, Juan Manuel Santos for his resolute efforts to bring the countrys more than 50-year-long civil war to an end, National Dialogue Quartet for its decisive contribution to the building of a pluralistic democracy in Tunisia in the wake of the Jasmine Revolution of 2011, Kailash Satyarthi and Malala Yousafzai for their struggle against the suppression of children and young people and for the right of all children to education, Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) for its extensive efforts to eliminate chemical weapons, European Union (EU) for over six decades contributed to the advancement of peace and reconciliation, democracy and human rights in Europe, Ellen Johnson Sirleaf, Leymah Gbowee and Tawakkol Karman for their non-violent struggle for the safety of women and for womens rights to full participation in peace-building work, Liu Xiaobo for his long and non-violent struggle for fundamental human rights in China, Barack H. Obama for his extraordinary efforts to strengthen international diplomacy and cooperation between peoples, Martti Ahtisaari for his important efforts, on several continents and over more than three decades, to resolve international conflicts, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and Albert Arnold (Al) Gore Jr. for their efforts to build up and disseminate greater knowledge about man-made climate change, and to lay the foundations for the measures that are needed to counteract such change, Muhammad Yunus and Grameen Bank for their efforts to create economic and social development from below, International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) and Mohamed ElBaradei for their efforts to prevent nuclear energy from being used for military purposes and to ensure that nuclear energy for peaceful purposes is used in the safest possible way, Wangari Muta Maathai for her contribution to sustainable development, democracy and peace, Shirin Ebadi for her efforts for democracy and human rights.

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